Death, Burial, Resurrection, And What's Next
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The Death of Jesus
33 And when the sixth hour had come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour. 34 And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, “Eloi, Eloi, lema sabachthani?†which means, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?†35 And some of the bystanders hearing it said, “Behold, he is calling Elijah.†36 And someone ran and filled a sponge with sour wine, put it on a reed and gave it to him to drink, saying, “Wait, let us see whether Elijah will come to take him down.†37 And Jesus uttered a loud cry and breathed his last. 38 And the curtain of the temple was torn in two, from top to bottom. 39 And when the centurion, who stood facing him, saw that in this way he breathed his last, he said, “Truly this man was the Son of God!â€
40 There were also women looking on from a distance, among whom were Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the younger and of Joses, and Salome. 41 When he was in Galilee, they followed him and ministered to him, and there were also many other women who came up with him to Jerusalem.
Jesus Is Buried
42 And when evening had come, since it was the day of Preparation, that is, the day before the Sabbath, 43 Joseph of Arimathea, a respected member of the council, who was also himself looking for the kingdom of God, took courage and went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus. 44 Pilate was surprised to hear that he should have already died. And summoning the centurion, he asked him whether he was already dead. 45 And when he learned from the centurion that he was dead, he granted the corpse to Joseph. 46 And Joseph bought a linen shroud, and taking him down, wrapped him in the linen shroud and laid him in a tomb that had been cut out of the rock. And he rolled a stone against the entrance of the tomb. 47 Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses saw where he was laid.
The Resurrection
16 When the Sabbath was past, Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome bought spices, so that they might go and anoint him. 2 And very early on the first day of the week, when the sun had risen, they went to the tomb. 3 And they were saying to one another, “Who will roll away the stone for us from the entrance of the tomb?†4 And looking up, they saw that the stone had been rolled back—it was very large. 5 And entering the tomb, they saw a young man sitting on the right side, dressed in a white robe, and they were alarmed. 6 And he said to them, “Do not be alarmed. You seek Jesus of Nazareth, who was crucified. He has risen; he is not here. See the place where they laid him. 7 But go, tell his disciples and Peter that he is going before you to Galilee. There you will see him, just as he told you.†8 And they went out and fled from the tomb, for trembling and astonishment had seized them, and they said nothing to anyone, for they were afraid.
[Some of the earliest manuscripts do not include 16:9–20.]
Jesus Appears to Mary Magdalene
9 [[Now when he rose early on the first day of the week, he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, from whom he had cast out seven demons. 10 She went and told those who had been with him, as they mourned and wept. 11 But when they heard that he was alive and had been seen by her, they would not believe it.
Jesus Appears to Two Disciples
12 After these things he appeared in another form to two of them, as they were walking into the country. 13 And they went back and told the rest, but they did not believe them.
The Great Commission
14 Afterward he appeared to the eleven themselves as they were reclining at table, and he rebuked them for their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they had not believed those who saw him after he had risen. 15 And he said to them, “Go into all the world and proclaim the gospel to the whole creation. 16 Whoever believes and is baptized will be saved, but whoever does not believe will be condemned. 17 And these signs will accompany those who believe: in my name they will cast out demons; they will speak in new tongues; 18 they will pick up serpents with their hands; and if they drink any deadly poison, it will not hurt them; they will lay their hands on the sick, and they will recover.â€
19 So then the Lord Jesus, after he had spoken to them, was taken up into heaven and sat down at the right hand of God. 20 And they went out and preached everywhere, while the Lord worked with them and confirmed the message by accompanying signs.]]
33 And when the sixth hour had come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour. 34 And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, “Eloi, Eloi, lema sabachthani?†which means, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?†35 And some of the bystanders hearing it said, “Behold, he is calling Elijah.†36 And someone ran and filled a sponge with sour wine, put it on a reed and gave it to him to drink, saying, “Wait, let us see whether Elijah will come to take him down.†37 And Jesus uttered a loud cry and breathed his last. 38 And the curtain of the temple was torn in two, from top to bottom. 39 And when the centurion, who stood facing him, saw that in this way he breathed his last, he said, “Truly this man was the Son of God!â€
40 There were also women looking on from a distance, among whom were Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the younger and of Joses, and Salome. 41 When he was in Galilee, they followed him and ministered to him, and there were also many other women who came up with him to Jerusalem.
Jesus Is Buried
42 And when evening had come, since it was the day of Preparation, that is, the day before the Sabbath, 43 Joseph of Arimathea, a respected member of the council, who was also himself looking for the kingdom of God, took courage and went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus. 44 Pilate was surprised to hear that he should have already died. And summoning the centurion, he asked him whether he was already dead. 45 And when he learned from the centurion that he was dead, he granted the corpse to Joseph. 46 And Joseph bought a linen shroud, and taking him down, wrapped him in the linen shroud and laid him in a tomb that had been cut out of the rock. And he rolled a stone against the entrance of the tomb. 47 Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses saw where he was laid.
The Resurrection
16 When the Sabbath was past, Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome bought spices, so that they might go and anoint him. 2 And very early on the first day of the week, when the sun had risen, they went to the tomb. 3 And they were saying to one another, “Who will roll away the stone for us from the entrance of the tomb?†4 And looking up, they saw that the stone had been rolled back—it was very large. 5 And entering the tomb, they saw a young man sitting on the right side, dressed in a white robe, and they were alarmed. 6 And he said to them, “Do not be alarmed. You seek Jesus of Nazareth, who was crucified. He has risen; he is not here. See the place where they laid him. 7 But go, tell his disciples and Peter that he is going before you to Galilee. There you will see him, just as he told you.†8 And they went out and fled from the tomb, for trembling and astonishment had seized them, and they said nothing to anyone, for they were afraid.
[Some of the earliest manuscripts do not include 16:9–20.]
Jesus Appears to Mary Magdalene
9 [[Now when he rose early on the first day of the week, he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, from whom he had cast out seven demons. 10 She went and told those who had been with him, as they mourned and wept. 11 But when they heard that he was alive and had been seen by her, they would not believe it.
Jesus Appears to Two Disciples
12 After these things he appeared in another form to two of them, as they were walking into the country. 13 And they went back and told the rest, but they did not believe them.
The Great Commission
14 Afterward he appeared to the eleven themselves as they were reclining at table, and he rebuked them for their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they had not believed those who saw him after he had risen. 15 And he said to them, “Go into all the world and proclaim the gospel to the whole creation. 16 Whoever believes and is baptized will be saved, but whoever does not believe will be condemned. 17 And these signs will accompany those who believe: in my name they will cast out demons; they will speak in new tongues; 18 they will pick up serpents with their hands; and if they drink any deadly poison, it will not hurt them; they will lay their hands on the sick, and they will recover.â€
19 So then the Lord Jesus, after he had spoken to them, was taken up into heaven and sat down at the right hand of God. 20 And they went out and preached everywhere, while the Lord worked with them and confirmed the message by accompanying signs.]]
The Sacrifice
For three hours, from noon to late afternoon, Jesus is suspended on the cross, and as the dreadful spectacle unfolds, darkness descends upon the earth. At the brink of death, Jesus utters in Aramaic, 'My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?' which are the initial words of Psalm 22. He experiences complete desolation. Besides being abandoned by friends and tormented by foes, Jesus bearing sin in his body means God has forsaken him, adding to his agony. The spectators assume that Jesus is summoning Elijah to save him, prompting one of them to offer him a swallow of low-grade wine to prolong his life and await Elijah's arrival. However, Jesus makes a final, resounding cry and breathes his last.
Access
When Jesus ultimately gives up his life, the temple's curtain is ripped from the top down. This particular curtain divided the Most Holy Place from the Holy Place. The presence of God could only be accessed by the high priest, who was permitted to go beyond the curtain just once a year, on the Day of Atonement, after sacrificing a bull for his wrongdoing. However, thanks to Jesus' perfect sacrifice, everyone can access God's presence. The centurion, a Roman officer, remarks, "Truly, this man was the Son of God!"
Hurry
The Sabbath is almost here, starting at sunset. Ideally, Jesus' burial should occur on the same day as his death. Ensuring Jesus' body is laid to rest before the Sabbath rest begins is crucial. Despite being a prominent member of the Council that condemned Jesus, Joseph of Arimathea helps with the burial arrangements by obtaining Governor Pilate's permission to take Jesus' body and providing a tomb for his final resting place. He seals the entrance with a big stone, and the two Marys bear witness to the burial location.
Sabbath Was Past
After the sabbath rest had ended, the two Marys and Salome headed towards the tomb to anoint Jesus' body with aromatic spices (16:1-8). They knew that a stone obstructed the tomb and that the body had likely begun to decompose. However, upon reaching their destination, they discovered that the stone had been moved, and the body was no longer there! The angel reassures them, saying that Jesus has risen from the dead, and instructs them to inform the other disciples, particularly Peter, without fear. As a good shepherd, Jesus will be leading the way to Galilee, where they will reunite. The women run away from the tomb in shock and are too scared to say anything about the incident.
Issues?
There are only a few text-critical problems of significant and influential significance in the New Testament, with Mark 16:9-20 being among them. The vast majority of text-critical issues regarding the NT are minor variations between the approximately 5,600 available manuscripts that include all or parts of it. Although there may be debate about the authenticity of Mark 16:9-20 based on manuscript evidence, it is undeniable that the majority of the material covered in this section is present in other parts of the NT that are widely accepted.
Believe And Go!
According to Mark, Mary Magdalene met Jesus (in agreement with John's account in 20:11-18) and immediately told the mourning and weeping disciples. Despite this, they were skeptical of her story. Later, two travelers encountered Jesus, mirroring the men who met him on the Emmaus road (Luke 24:13-35), and similarly reported the resurrection to the disbelieving disciples. Not surprisingly, Mark tells us, He appeared to the eleven as they sat at the table, and He rebuked their unbelief and hardness of heart because they did not believe those who had seen Him after He had risen (v. 14). Jesus rebuked the disciples for not accepting the reports of His resurrection. Luke tells us that Jesus appeared to them in the evening of the day He rose (24:36–43). Even when He stood in their presence, they struggled to believe. At one point, Luke notes that "they still did not believe for joy" (v. 41). Aside from the fact that men do not come back to life, it was hard for the disciples to believe Jesus was alive because it was so wonderful.
Jesus' ascension refers to his enthronement in heaven, as he had mentioned during his trial (14:62; Dan 7:13–14). The disciples' efforts align with Jesus' statement about the necessary events preceding his return (13:10; Matt 24:14). The Gospel concludes with an emphasis on what followers of every generation must do to expedite Jesus' return (2 Pet 3:12).
Jesus' ascension refers to his enthronement in heaven, as he had mentioned during his trial (14:62; Dan 7:13–14). The disciples' efforts align with Jesus' statement about the necessary events preceding his return (13:10; Matt 24:14). The Gospel concludes with an emphasis on what followers of every generation must do to expedite Jesus' return (2 Pet 3:12).
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