Paul commends Phoebe to ensure the Roman believers receive her well. If she's delivering copies of the letter to multiple sites, she may need logistical assistance, food, and lodging. Phoebe is a patron who supports the cause of Christ, the church, and Paul. Prisca and Aquila, mentioned in Acts and Corinthians, now reside in Rome after serving in Corinth and Ephesus. Paul emphasizes their importance in supporting his letter, especially in the context of the division between the strong and the weak.

Epaenetus, closely associated with Paul, was the first Gentile in Asia to confess faith in Jesus as the Messiah. Limited information is available about Mary. She is a devoted Christian in Rome, known to Paul and dedicated to the Christian community there. Andronicus and Junia, like Paul, are Jewish and have been imprisoned. They are also well-known among the apostles. Ampliatus is only mentioned here in the New Testament. Urbanus likely assisted Paul in his missionary journeys. Stachys is beloved by Paul. Apelles is approved in Christ and can be relied upon. The family of Aristobulus is a subgroup within a household. Herodion is a fellow Jew. The household of Narcissus includes individuals who are in the Lord. Three diligent women workers are mentioned in verse 12, potentially including sisters. Persis, possibly from Persia, has established a lasting bond with Paul through her Christian service in Rome.

Many speculate that Rufus is one of Simon of Cyrene's sons (Mark 15:21). Rufus' mother served alongside Paul during a phase of his ministry. The names in verse 14 likely belong to slaves or freedmen. When Paul addresses them as "brothers," it emphasizes their fellowship in Christ.
Those mentioned in verse 15 may be associated with a separate house church. The names are common slave names, and Philologus and Julia could be married. It is important to note that they are not the only members of their congregation; as Paul mentions, "all the saints who are with them."

The practice of exchanging a greeting kiss, still customary in some parts of the world today, was common among early Christians. This gesture represented the familial bond shared by all believers as a result of having God as their Father. This affection was generated by the work of the Holy Spirit, uniting people through faith in Jesus Christ.

Paul warns church leaders to be cautious due to the constant risk of divisive forces and obstacles. He commends the Romans for their obedience but urges them to be discerning and innocent regarding evil. In Romans 16:20, there's a reference to Satan's downfall, similar to Jesus' statement about seeing Satan fall from heaven, signifying complete defeat. Paul concludes with a blessing of the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, along with greetings and commendations of God the Father and the Son.

Timothy is part of the entourage accompanying the Jerusalem collection to Rome. He is not only a "fellow worker" but also a Jew himself. Paul mentions three other fellow Jews. Tertius is the scribe tasked with writing down Romans as Paul dictates. Paul is staying with Gaius as he writes Romans, and Gaius's home serves as a meeting place for the congregation. Erastus, a man of high social standing, sends greetings along with Quartus alongside Paul.

Verse 25 confirms God's ability to strengthen believers according to the gospel preached by Paul, which centers on the proclamation of Jesus Christ. God's empowering assistance also aligns with the revelation of a mystery kept secret for ages. Throughout Romans, Paul references Old Testament passages that, in retrospect, unveiled this mystery. The mystery is now revealed and made known to all nations, particularly the Gentiles in the eastern part of the Roman Empire that Paul has reached. The revealing work of the gospel, preaching Jesus Christ, aligns with the command of the eternal God. God aims to bring about obedience rooted in faith through Paul and his companions. Paul's "Amen" remains an enduring plea for God to continue manifesting this reality among His people and throughout the world.